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strcmp() function in C:
- strcmp( ) function in C compares two given strings and returns zero if they are same.
- If length of string1 < string2, it returns < 0 value. If length of string1 > string2, it returns > 0 value. Syntax for strcmp( ) function is given below.
int strcmp ( const char * str1, const char * str2 );
- strcmp( ) function is case sensitive. i.e, “A” and “a” are treated as different characters.
Example program for strcmp function in C:
In this program, strings “fresh” and “refresh” are compared. 0 is returned when strings are equal. Negative value is returned when str1 < str2 and positive value is returned when str1 > str2.
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main( ) { char str1[ ] = "fresh" ; char str2[ ] = "refresh" ; int i, j, k ; i = strcmp ( str1, "fresh" ) ; j = strcmp ( str1, str2 ) ; k = strcmp ( str1, "f" ) ; printf ( "\n%d %d %d", i, j, k ) ; return 0; } |
Output:
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0 -1 1
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C String functions:
- String.h header file supports all the string functions in C language. All the string functions are given below.
- Click on each string function name below for detail description and example programs.
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String functions
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Description
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| strcat ( ) | Concatenates str2 at the end of str1 |
| strncat ( ) | Appends a portion of string to another |
| strcpy ( ) | Copies str2 into str1 |
| strncpy ( ) | Copies given number of characters of one string to another |
| strlen ( ) | Gives the length of str1 |
| strcmp ( ) | Returns 0 if str1 is same as str2. Returns <0 if strl < str2. Returns >0 if str1 > str2 |
| strcmpi ( ) | Same as strcmp() function. But, this function negotiates case. “A” and “a” are treated as same. |
| strchr ( ) | Returns pointer to first occurrence of char in str1 |
| strrchr ( ) | last occurrence of given character in a string is found |
| strstr ( ) | Returns pointer to first occurrence of str2 in str1 |
| strrstr ( ) | Returns pointer to last occurrence of str2 in str1 |
| strdup ( ) | Duplicates the string |
| strlwr ( ) | Converts string to lowercase |
| strupr ( ) | Converts string to uppercase |
| strrev ( ) | Reverses the given string |
| strset ( ) | Sets all character in a string to given character |
| strnset ( ) | It sets the portion of characters in a string to given character |
| strtok ( ) | Tokenizing given string using delimiter |