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strchr() function in C:
strchr( ) function returns pointer to the first occurrence of the character in a given string. Syntax for strchr( ) function is given below.
char *strchr(const char *str, int character);
Example program for strchr() function in C:
In this program, strchr( ) function is used to locate first occurrence of the character ‘i’ in the string “This is a string for testing”. Character ‘i’ is located at position 3 and pointer is returned at first occurrence of the character ‘i’.
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () { char string[55] ="This is a string for testing"; char *p; p = strchr (string,'i'); printf ("Character i is found at position %d\n",p-string+1); printf ("First occurrence of character \"i\" in \"%s\" is" \ " \"%s\"",string, p); return 0; } |
Output:
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Character i is found at position 3
First occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is is a string for testing” |
Note:
If you want to find each occurrence of a character in a given string, you can use below C program.
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () { char string[55] ="This is a string for testing"; char *p; int k = 1; p = strchr (string,'i'); while (p!=NULL) { printf ("Character i found at position %d\n",p-string+1); printf ("Occurrence of character \"i\" : %d \n",k); printf ("Occurrence of character \"i\" in \"%s\" is \"%s" \ "\"\n",string, p); p=strchr(p+1,'i'); k++; } return 0; } |
Output:
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Character i is found at position 3
Occurrence of character “i” : 1 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is is a string for testing” Character i is found at position 6 Occurrence of character “i” : 2 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is a string for testing” Character i is found at position 14 Occurrence of character “i” : 3 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “ing for testing” Character i is found at position 26 Occurrence of character “i” : 4 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “ing” |
C String functions:
- String.h header file supports all the string functions in C language. All the string functions are given below.
- Click on each string function name below for detail description and example programs.
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String functions
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Description
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| strcat ( ) | Concatenates str2 at the end of str1 |
| strncat ( ) | Appends a portion of string to another |
| strcpy ( ) | Copies str2 into str1 |
| strncpy ( ) | Copies given number of characters of one string to another |
| strlen ( ) | Gives the length of str1 |
| strcmp ( ) | Returns 0 if str1 is same as str2. Returns <0 if strl < str2. Returns >0 if str1 > str2 |
| strcmpi ( ) | Same as strcmp() function. But, this function negotiates case. “A” and “a” are treated as same. |
| strchr ( ) | Returns pointer to first occurrence of char in str1 |
| strrchr ( ) | last occurrence of given character in a string is found |
| strstr ( ) | Returns pointer to first occurrence of str2 in str1 |
| strrstr ( ) | Returns pointer to last occurrence of str2 in str1 |
| strdup ( ) | Duplicates the string |
| strlwr ( ) | Converts string to lowercase |
| strupr ( ) | Converts string to uppercase |
| strrev ( ) | Reverses the given string |
| strset ( ) | Sets all character in a string to given character |
| strnset ( ) | It sets the portion of characters in a string to given character |
| strtok ( ) | Tokenizing given string using delimiter |