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C Decision Control statement:

• In decision control statements (if-else and nested if), group of statements are executed when condition is true.  If condition is false, then else part statements are executed.
• There are 3 types of decision making control statements in C language. They are,

1.   if statements
2.   if else statements
3.   nested if statements

“If”, “else” and “nested if” decision control statements in C:

Syntax for each C decision control statements are given in below table with description.

Decision control statements	Syntax/Description
if	Syntax: if (condition) { Statements; }Description: In these type of statements, if condition is true, then respective block of code is executed.
if…else	Syntax: if (condition) { Statement1; Statement2; } else { Statement3; Statement4; }Description: In these type of statements, group of statements are executed when condition is true.  If condition is false, then else part statements are executed.
nested if	Syntax: if (condition1){ Statement1; } else_if(condition2) { Statement2; } else Statement 3;Description: If condition 1 is false, then condition 2 is checked and statements are executed if it is true. If condition 2 also gets failure, then else part is executed.

Example program for if statement in C:

In “if” control statement, respective block of code is executed when condition is true.

Output:

m and n are equal

Example program for if else statement in C:

In C if else control statement, group of statements are executed when condition is true.  If condition is false, then else part statements are executed.

Output:

m and n are not equal

Example program for nested if statement in C:

• In “nested if” control statement, if condition 1 is false, then condition 2 is checked and statements are executed if it is true. 
• If condition 2 also gets failure, then else part is executed.

 Output:

m is greater than n

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