The statements which are used to execute only specific block of statements in a series of blocks are called case control statements.
There are 4 types of case control statements in C language. They are,
- switch
- break
- continue
- goto
1. switch case statement in C:
- Switch case statements are used to execute only specific case statements based on the switch expression.
- Below is the syntax for switch case statement.
switch (expression)
{
case label1: statements;
break;
case label2: statements;
break;
case label3: statements;
break;
default: statements;
break;
}
Example program for switch..case statement in C:
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#include <stdio.h> int main () { int value = 3; switch(value) { case 1: printf(“Value is 1 \n” ); break; case 2: printf(“Value is 2 \n” ); break; case 3: printf(“Value is 3 \n” ); break; case 4: printf(“Value is 4 \n” ); break; default : printf(“Value is other than 1,2,3,4 \n” ); } return 0; } |
Output:
Value is 3
|
2. break statement in C:
- Break statement is used to terminate the while loops, switch case loops and for loops from the subsequent execution.
- Syntax: break;
Example program for break statement in C:
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#include <stdio.h> int main() { int i; for(i=0;i<10;i++) { if(i==5) { printf("\nComing out of for loop when i = 5"); break; } printf("%d ",i); } } |
Output:
0 1 2 3 4
Coming out of for loop when i = 5 |
3. Continue statement in C:
- Continue statement is used to continue the next iteration of for loop, while loop and do-while loops. So, the remaining statements are skipped within the loop for that particular iteration.
- Syntax : continue;
Example program for continue statement in C:
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#include <stdio.h> int main() { int i; for(i=0;i<10;i++) { if(i==5 || i==6) { printf("\nSkipping %d from display using " \ "continue statement \n",i); continue; } printf("%d ",i); } } |
Output:
0 1 2 3 4
Skipping 5 from display using continue statement
Skipping 6 from display using continue statement 7 8 9 |
4. goto statement in C:
- goto statements is used to transfer the normal flow of a program to the specified label in the program.
- Below is the syntax for goto statement in C.
{
…….
go to label;
…….
…….
LABEL:
statements;
}
Example program for goto statement in C:
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#include <stdio.h> int main() { int i; for(i=0;i<10;i++) { if(i==5) { printf("\nWe are using goto statement when i = 5"); goto HAI; } printf("%d ",i); } HAI : printf("\nNow, we are inside label name \"hai\" \n"); } |
Output:
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We are using goto statement when i = 5 Now, we are inside label name “hai” |