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Logical Deduction ( 21 to 25 ):
APTITUDE QUESTIONS (LOGICAL DEDUCTION):
21. Statement
A) Some crows are buffaloes. All buffaloes are horses.
B) Conclusion
C) Some horses are crows.
D) Some crows are horses.
View Answer
Answer: option ()
Explanation:
As one premise is particular in the conclusion so, the conclusion must be particular and it should not contain the middle term. So, it follows ‘II’ conclusion. ‘I’ conclusion is the converse of ‘II’ and so it also holds.
22. Statement
A) All cats are dogs. All dogs are goat.
B) Conclusion
C) All cats are goat
D) All goat are cats
View Answer
Answer: option (A)
Explanation:
As both the premises are universal and affirmative so, the conclusion must be universal affirmative. Although, conclusion ‘II’ being an A- type proposition, it distributes the term ‘cats’.
As the term ‘cats’ is distributed in ‘II’ without being distributed in any of the premises so, the conclusion ‘II’ cannot be followed. Thus, only ‘I’ conclusion is followed.
23. Statement
A) Some chocolates are pastries. All pastries are toffees.
B) Conclusion
C) Some toffees are pastries.
D) Some pastries are not chocolates.
View Answer
Answer: option (A)
Explanation:
In this, as one premise is particular so, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. Thus, it follows that ‘Some chocolates are toffees’ ‘I’ conclusion is the converse of the second premise and so it holds and as both premises are affirmative then, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, ‘II’ conclusion does not follow.
24. Statement
A) All pencils are pillars. All pillars are home.
B) Conclusion
C) All home are pencils.
D) Some home are pencils.
View Answer
Answer: option (B)
Explanation:
As both the premises in the conclusion are universal and affirmative so, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that ‘All pencils are home’ and ‘II’ conclusion is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds. As the term ‘home’ is distributed in ‘I’ without being distributed in any of the premises so, ‘I’ does not follow
25. Statement
A) All girls are honest. Sita is honest.
B) Conclusion
C) Sita is a girl.
D) All honest persons are girls.
View Answer
Answer: option (D)
Explanation:
As both the premises are ‘A’ type propositions so, the middle term ‘honest’ forming the predicate in each is not distributed either. And the middle term is not distributed even once so, it does not follow definite conclusion.